Philosophy

See also Poststructuralism

Before the professionalisation of academia the distinctions between disciplines were not clear. As such, much of the classical canon of anarchism can in many ways be seen to be crossing disciplines. The following is a rudimentary list of classic and contemporary statements of anarchist philosophy, as well as scholarship on anarchist contributions to philosophy and philosophical contributions to anarchism.

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Acebal, Justino (1914). “Filosofía de la ley.” Tierra y Libertad 4.214: 2-3.

Angaut, Jean-Christophe (2018). “‘Un ami très sûr’: Camus et les libertaires.” Critique 12: 993-1004.

– – – (2011). “Le statut de la philosophie chez le dernier Bakounine.” Le statut de la philosophie chez le dernier Bakounine. Atelier de création libertaire. 191-208.

– – – (2010). “La construction du sujet révolutionnaire ou la dislocation du marxisme.” Réfractions 25: 29-38.

– – – (2009). “Carl Schmitt, lecteur de Bakounine.” Astérion 6: n.p.

– – – (2007). Bakounine jeune hégélien: La philosophie et son dehors. ENS éditions.

Antliff, Mark (2013). “Revolutionary Immanence: Bergson among the Anarchists.” Bergson and the Art of Immanence. Ed. John Mullarkey and Charlotte de Mille. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 94-111.

Bakunin, Mikhail (1913). “Appendice: Considérations philosophiques sur le fantôme divin,sur le monde réel et sur l’homme.” Oeuvres 3. Paris: P. V. Stock. 179-405.

– – – (1900). God and the State. New York: Mother Earth Publishing Association.

– – – (1868). “Nauka i narod [Science and the People].” Narodnoe Delo.

• <– “We absolutely reject the arbitrary and absurd division of the world of reality into physical and spiritual worlds, of course; but we think it may be useful to say a few words about how this separation — perhaps natural and historically necessary, but nevertheless having the most deplorable effect on the fate of humankind — took place.” Compares the philosophies of Kant, Hegel, and Comte.

– – – (1838). “Gimnazicheskiye rechi: Gegelya Predisloviye perevodchika [Translator’s Preface to Hegel’s Gymnasium Lectures].”

• <– “Yes, happiness is not to be found in a ghost, not in an abstract dream, but in a living reality; to rebel against reality and to kill in oneself every living source of life is one and the same thing; reconciliation with reality, in all respects and in all spheres of life, is the great task of our time, and Hegel and Goethe are the heads of this reconciliation, this return from death to life.” Reflects Hegel’s influence on the young (pre-anarchist) Bakunin.

Barbedette, Lucien (1937). Ordre et raison: recherches philosophiques. Limoges: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1936). Aux sources de la douleur: recherches philosophiques. Paris: Groupe de propagande par la brochure.

– – – (1936). Remarques et suggestions: étude philosophique. Limoges: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1934). L’incomparable guide : essai de morale biologique. Paris: Groupe de propagande par la brochure.

– – – (1933). Vouloir et destin: Essai philosophique. Luxeuil: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1933). Suprêmes Illusions: Recherches sur le divin. Limoges: La Fraternité universitaire.

– – – (1932). Vers l’inaccessible: essai philosophique. Paris: Groupe de propagande par la brochure.

– – – (1932). Ethique nouvelle. Paris: F. Piton.

– – – (1930). Face à l’éternité. Paris: Groupe de propagande par la brochure.

– – – (1929). Par delà l’intérêt: essai de psychologie morale. Paris: Groupe de propagande par la brochure.

– – – (1928). Le Règne de l’envie: Etude de pathologie morale. Luxeuil: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1928). Solidarité biocosmique. Herblay: Éd. de l’Idée libre.

– – – (1927). A la recherche du bonheur: essai de thérapeutique morale. Luxeuil: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1926). Pour l’ère du cœur: Essai de psychologie morale. Luxeuil: La Fraternité Universitaire.

– – – (1925). Métrique morale: Essai de psychologie sociale. Luxueil: La Fraternité Universitaire.

Barret, Rafael (1914). “Filosofía del altruismo.” Tierra y Libertad 4.217: 2-3.

Barth, Hans (1960). “The Idea of Sanction: Jeremy Bentham and Pierre-Joseph Proudhon.” The Idea of Order. Springer, Dordrecht. 144-159.

• <– Abstract: “The question what a sanction is presents itself, oddly enough, because the political, legal and ethical philosophy of the last hundred years has been little concerned with this problem. Here, too, the exceptions prove the rules. Our essay will remain fragmentary. Much that might be useful cannot be taken into consideration. The field of psychology, for example, would be rewarding, for it could be shown that the works of both Sig-mund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung include, implicitly or explicitly, a doctrine of sanction in the form of a pathology of the soul. Ethnologists like Westermarck, Marett or Malinowski have, on various occasions, directed their attention to the same question. Konstantin von Monakow’s concept of the biological conscience, the syneidesis, expressly places the problem of sanctions on a biological basis, so that physical and psychic illness is seen as a sanction which follows an arbitrary disturbance of the biological process. The history of religion in all ages cannot do without the concept of sanction. The conception of the karma is nothing but the realization of the idea of requital, and the Old Testament is a grandiose illustration of the idea of sanction in which a God makes a covenant with His chosen people and immediately punishes its frequent transgressions. In the image of the Last Judgement, of the human and individual eschatology, is embodied, among other things, the idea of sanction based on the belief in the immortality of the soul and in the resurrection of the body; such a belief is an essential presupposition of any religious sanction. The theories of natural and rational right, which would have the state founded on a contract, were forced to deal with the problem of sanction, a fact which leaves its mark on Rousseau as well as on his notable contemporary opponent Burke. For whenever a contract is made, a sanction punishing a breach of the agreement must be included. Nietzsche’s doctrine of the revaluation of all values and Gobineau’s Essai sur l’Inégalité des Races humaines are systems of cultural philosophy which, although the word itself is rarely used, constantly avail themselves of the concept of sanction. Since there are philosophers who prefer legal metaphors in their use of language because they see the problems of epistemology, ethics and history in the light of jurisprudence, one might here, too, expect to gain insights into the problem of sanctions. Kant and Hegel are famous examples for this. And, finally, aren’t many great tragedies of all ages concerned with the breach and restoration of some order? For our purposes it is irrelevant whether the atonement and the restoration of order is brought about by internal or external pressures.”

Baruj, Rab (1932). “Spinoza: In memoriam.” Nervio 18: 16-17.

Béjar, León (1914). “Filosofando: Criterio individualista.” Tierra y Libertad 4.241: 3.

– – – (1914). “Filosofando: Los dos tipos.” Tierra y Libertad 4.238: 3.

Berneri, Camillo (1947). “Nietzsche come anti-Nietzsche (III).” Volontà 2.5: 46-51.

– – – (1947). “Nietzsche come anti-Nietzsche (II).” Volontà 2.4: 49-52.

– – – (1947). “Nietzsche come anti-Nietzsche (I).” Volontà 2.3: 30-34.

– – – (1924). “Nietzsche e l’anarchismo (II).” Pensiero e Volontà 1.2: 8-10.

– – – (1924). “Nietzsche e l’anarchismo (I).” Pensiero e Volontà 1.1: 14-17.

Berthelot, Renato (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – VII.” Il Pensiero 3.20: 314-315.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – VI.” Il Pensiero 3.19: 298-300.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – V.” Il Pensiero 3.18: 277-279.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – IV.” Il Pensiero 3.17: 261-263.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – III.” Il Pensiero 3.16: 245-246.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche – II.” Il Pensiero 3.15: 229-231.

– – – (1905). “Federico Nietzsche.” Il Pensiero 3.14: 215-216.

Blas de Santillana, Gil (1926). “Las vidas agitadas: Spinoza.” La Revista Blanca 2.4.68: 25-27.

Bontemps, Charles-Auguste (1963). L’Anarchisme et le réel. Essai d’un rationalisme libertaire. Paris: Les Cahiers francs.

Bookchin, Murray (1990). The Philosophy of Social Ecology: Essays on Dialectical Naturalism. Montréal: Black Rose Books.

– – – (1982). “Finding the Subject: Notes on Whitebook and ‘Habermas Ltd.'” Telos 52: 78-98.

• <– Reply to Joel Whitebook, “Saving the Subject: Modernity and the Problem of the Autonomous Individual,” Telos 50 (Winter 1981-82): 79-103.

Brandt, Carlos (1933). “Goethe y Spinoza.” Estudios 10.113: 50-55.

– – – (1932). “Hombres cumbre: Spinoza.” Estudios 10.103: 31-34.

– – – (1932). “Hombres cumbre: Spinoza.” Estudios 10.102: 15-18.

Call, Lewis (2002). Postmodern Anarchism. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

– – – (2001). “Toward an Anarchy of Becoming: Postmodern Anarchism in Nietzschean Philosophy.” Journal of Nietzsche Studies: 48-76.

Cano Ruíz, Benjamin, and José Peirats (1966). Polemica sobre determinismo y voluntarismo. Caracas: Ed. F.I.J.L.

Cappelletti, Angel J. (1996). El conocimiento sensorial en Aristoteles. Caracas: Academica Nacional de la Historia.

– – – (1996). Los estoicos antiguos. Madrid: Gredos.

– – – (1995). Filosofía argentina del siglo XX. Rosario: Universidad Nacional de Rosario.

– – – (1994). Estado y poder político en el pensamiento moderno. Mérida, Venezuela: Universidad de Los Andes, Consejo de Publicaciones.

– – – (1994). Mitología y filosofía: los presocráticos. Madrid: Ediciones Pedagógicas, D.L.

– – – (1980) “La teoría aristotélica de la fantasía.” Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica 48: 115-124.

– – – (1980). La teoría de la propiedad en Proudhon y otros momentos del pensamiento anarquista. Madrid: Las Ediciones de la Piqueta.

– – – (1980). “Teoría del conocimiento y ética de Anaxágoras.” Dianoia 26: 228.

– – – (1979). Ensayos sobre los atomistas griegos. Caracas: Sociedad Venezolana de Ciencias Humanas.

Carter, Alan (2000). Analytical Anarchism: Some Conceptual Foundations Political Theory 28(2): 230-253.

Clark, John P. (2009). “Capabilities Theory and the Limits of Liberal Justice: On Nussbaum’s Frontiers of Justice.” Human Rights Review 4.10: 583-604.

– – – (1998). “Minding Nature: The Philosophers of Ecology.” Environmental Ethics 20.2: 199-202.

– – – (1989). “Marx’s Inorganic Body.” Environmental Ethics 11.3: 243-258.

– – – (1983). “On Taoism and Politics.” Journal of Chinese Philosophy 10.1: 65-87.

– – – (1977). The Philosophical Anarchism of William Godwin. Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Clark, Samuel (2007). Living without domination: the possibility of an anarchist utopia Aldershot, Ashgate.

Clochec, Pauline (2015). “Les jeunes hégéliens et l’anarchisme.” Dissidences 14: 55-66.

Cohn, Jesse S. (2006). Anarchism and the Crisis of Representation: Hermeneutics, Aesthetics, Politics. Selinsgrove, PA: Susquehanna University Press.

Colomer, André (1923). “Étude de doctrine et d’actualité: Bourreaux de conscience: D’Aristote à Monsieur Poincaré.” La Revue Anarchiste 18: 2-7.

– – – (1922). “Réflexions sur Nietzsche et l’Anarchie.” La Revue Anarchiste 6 : 29-30.

• <– Translation by Shawn Wilbur at The Libertarian Labyrinth.

– – – (1922). “M. Bergson, maître-à-penser de la 3e République.” La Revue Anarchiste 3: 2-7.

Colson, Daniel (2004). Trois essais de philosophie anarchiste: islam, histoire, monadologie. Paris: Léo Scheer.

• <– Engages primarily with Gilles Deleuze’s Le Pli (The Fold, a Deleuzian reading of Leibniz’s “monadology”) and Hannah Arendt.

– – – (2001). Petit lexique philosophique de l’anarchisme: De Proudhon à Deluze. Paris, Librairie Général Française.

• <– Translated by Jesse Cohn as A Little Philosophical Lexicon of Anarchism From Proudhon to Deleuze (Minor Compositions, 2018).

– – – (1998). “Lectures anarchistes de Spinoza.” Réfractions 2: 119-148.

• <– Translated by Jesse Cohn and Nathan Jun as “Anarchist Readings of Spinoza,” Journal of French and Francophone Philosophy 17.2 (2007): 90-129.

Corcuff, Philippe (2006). “La ‘synthèse’ divine des progressistes: Quand Proudhon, Merleau-Ponty et Lévinas font leur cinéma contre Hegel.” La Sœur de l’Ange 4: 112-120.

Costa Iscar, M. (1931). “Nietzsche ante la libertad.” Nervio 1.3: 9-15.

– – – (1915). “La vida y la muerte.” Tierra y Libertad 4.260: 1-2.

– – – (1914). “Comentando la vida – Filosofía racionalista.” Tierra y Libertad 4.201: 2-3.

Critchley, Simon (2007). Infinitely Demanding: Ethics of Commitment, Politics of Resistance. London, Verso.

Dal Molin, Mario (1962). “L’anarchismo come filosofia.” Volontà 15.10: 547-557.

Day, Hem (1962). Inde : social-philosophie, impressions-essais. Bruxelles-Paris: Éd. Pensée et Action.

Day, Richard J. F. (2005). Gramsci is dead: anarchist currents in the newest social movements. London: Pluto Press.

de Lacaze-Duthiers, Gérard (1934). “Philosophie.” Encyclopédie anarchiste. Ed. Sébastien Faure. Paris: La Librairie Internationale. 4.2032-2038.

– – – (1931). Philosophie de la préhistoire. Paris: E. Flammarion.

– – – (1907). La Decouverte de la Vie. Paris: Ollendorff.

Dévigne, Roger (1924). “Le Métier d’homme : Comment on fabrique les vertus.” La Revue anarchiste 3.23: 3-9.

Eboli, Leonardo (1967). “La filosofia come dramma.” Volontà 20.10: 574-576.

– – – (1967). “Il capolavoro dell’egoismo collettivo: Schopenhauer e noi.” Volontà 20.8-9: 469-470.

– – – (1966). “Fichte anarchico.” Volontà 19.3: 159-160.

– – – (1965). “L’umorismo di Kant.” Volontà 18.5: 283-284.

– – – (1965). “Giuseppe Rensi: la filosofia come esame di coscienza (II).” Volontà 18.4: 234-236.

– – – (1965). “Giuseppe Rensi: la filosofia come esame di coscienza (I).” Volontà 18.2: 75-79.

– – – (1964). “Dio, natura e uomo nel pensiero di P.D. di Holbach.” Volontà 17.8-9: 525-527.

Egoumenides, Magda (2014). Philosophical Anarchism and Political Obligation. New York: Bloomsbury.

Fabbri, Luigi (1922). “¿Anarquismo o estatalismo?” Suplemento Semanal de La Protesta 1.5: 6-8.

– – –  (1922). “Historia y Anti-historia.” Suplemento Semanal de La Protesta 1.4: 5-7.

Feyerabend, Paul (1975). Against Method: Outline of an Anarchistic Theory of Knowledge. London, NLB.

Flesky, Alex (1914). “Matérialisme et Idéalisme.” l’anarchie 9.456: 1.

Franks, Benjamin (2009). “Vanguards and Paternalism.” New Perspectives on Anarchism. Ed. Nathan Jun and Shane Wahl. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books. ??-??.

– – – (2006). Rebel alliances: the means and ends of contemporary British anarchisms. Edinburgh, AK.

– – – (2003). “The Direct Action Ethic From 59 Upwards.” Anarchist Studies 11.1: 13-41.

Frede, Victoria (2013). “Stankevič and Hegel’s Arrival in Russia.” Studies in East European Thought 65: 159-174.

• <– Abstract: “When Russia’s ‘Westernizers,’ Nikolai Stankevič, Vissarion Belinskij, and Mikhail Bakunin first encountered Hegel’s ideas in the 1830s, they gravitated toward a conservative interpretation, centering on the proposition that the ‘rational is real.’ This article studies the preconditions for that interpretation, demonstrating that it was grounded in the writings of the late Hegel and of the circle of adepts who popularized his ideas and writings immediately after his death. These adepts later came to be known as Center and Right Hegelians. They influenced the early reception of Hegel in France as well as in Russia. Stankevič, the first of the Westernizers to subject Hegel to systematic study, learned about Hegel through these mediators.”

Gallo, Silvio (1994). “A etica libertaria de Jean-Paul Sartre.” Impulso: Revista de Ciencias Sociais e Humanas 7.14: 133-145.

García, Vivien (2018). Le sort de la philosophie: quatre parcours de jeunes hégéliens: Bakounine, Engels, Marx, Stirner. Paris: Hermann.

Gille, Paul (1950). La Pensée chinoise et son rôle dans la grande synthèse humaine. n.l.: Société générale d’impression.

– – – (1938). Quelques mots sur la Chine: Sa psychologie, sa philosophie, sa morale. N.p.: Bruxelles.

– – – (1931). Anarchie ou an-archie. Paris: Bidault.

• <– Includes a meditation on William James’ pragmatism.

– – – (1927). Le Simplisme individualiste et la conception organiciste du monde. Sceaux: Robinson.

– – – (1924). Esquisse d’une philosophie de la dignité humaine. Paris: Librairie Félix Alcan.

– – – (1922). L’Intégration humaine. Sceaux: Robinson.

Goonewardena, Kanishka, and Reecia Orzeck (2012). “X marks the spot: Marxist intercourse and Kantian anarchism in Kojin Karatani.” Dialogues in Human Geography 2.1: 64-70.

Grossman, I[uda]. (1914). “Bakunin i Bergson.” Zavety 5: 47-62.

Hall, David L. (1982). Eros & Irony: A Prelude to Philosophical Anarchism. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

Ibañez, Tomas (2014). Anarquismo es movimiento. Anarquismo, neoanarquismo y postanarquismo. Barcelona: Virus Editorial.

• <– Appearing serially in English translation at autonomies.org.

– – – (2003). “La construcción social del socioconstruccionismo: retrospectiva y perspectivas.” Política y sociedad 40.1: 155-160.

– – – (1994). “Tutta la verità sul relativismo autentico.” Volontà 48.2-3: 22-35.

Jourdain, Édouard. (2017). “Intérêt général, intérêt individuel et raison collective: perspectives à partir de l’œuvre de Proudhon.” Astérion. Philosophie, Histoire des Idées, Pensée Politique 17: ??.

• <– From the abstract: “Nowhere in Proudhon’s work can we find the notion of the general interest, neither in positive terms nor in negative terms. It is not, I think, because Proudhon rejected the term as such, but in my opinion it was too confused with Rousseau’s notion of the general will, of which he was very critical. I think nevertheless that we find in Proudhon several ways of conceiving the general interest, which he assimilates, it seems to me, to the problem of unity: we shall see that he considers that there are false unities and a real unity.”

– – – (2014). “Justice et utopie: Lire ensemble Ricoeur et Proudhon.” Philosophy Today 58.4: 527-544.

• <– Abstract: “Ricoeur ends his Lectures on Ideology and Utopia by analyzing the works of Saint-Simon and Fourier through the lens of the idea of utopia. In taking up these thinkers whom Engels labeled ‘utopian’ socialists, we note that Ricœur did not deal equally with the work of another important socialist: Proudhon. My hypothesis is that it is possible to read Proudhon using Ricoeur in that their approaches are similar on a number of points. Fruitful connections can be drawn between the dialectic of the real and ideal developed by Proudhon and Ricoeur’s dialectic of ideology and utopia. Both thinkers deal with justice in the form of a certain tension: a tension that for Ricoeur (beyond the deontology and teleology found to some extent in the dialectic of ideology and utopia) requires practical wisdom, and a tension that for Proudhon (beyond the ideal and the real) requires an equilibrium of social and political forces.”

Jun, Nathan (2014). “Hegel and Anarchist Communism.” Anarchist Studies 22.2: 28-54.

– – – (2013). “Rethinking the Anarchist Canon: History, Philosophy, and Interpretation.” Anarchist Developments in Cultural Studies 1: n.p.

– – – (2011). “Deleuze, Values, and Normativity.” Deleuze and Ethics. Ed. ??. ??: ??. 89-107.

– – – (2007). “Deleuze, Derrida, and Anarchism.” Anarchist Studies 15.2: 132-157.

Koch, Andrew M. (2005). Knowledge and Social Construction. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

– – – (1997). “Max Stirner: The Last Hegelian or the First Poststructuralist?” Anarchist Studies 5.2: 95-108.

– – – (1993). “Poststructuralism and the Epistemological Basis of Anarchism.” Philosophy of the Social Sciences 23.3: 327-351.

Koechlin, H. (1963). “El existencialísmo, moda de posguerra (II).” Reconstruir 24: 29-34.

– – – (1963). “El existencialísmo, moda de posguerra (I).” Reconstruir 23: 17-21.

Kostka, Edmund (1962). “Schiller’s Impact on Bakunin.” Monatshefte 54.3: 109-116.

Kropotkin, Peter (1924). Ethics: Origin and Development. Trans. Louis S. Friedland and Joseph R. Piroshnikoff. New York: Dial Press.

– – – (1905). “The Morality of Nature.” The Nineteenth Century and After: A Monthly Review 57.337: 407-426.

L’Aminot, Tanguy (1985). “Bakounine critique de Rousseau.” Dix-Huitième Siècle 17: 351-365.

Laganà, Antonino (1974). “Il senso della storia: saggio di una filosofia del destino umano.” Volontà 27.4: 311-314.

– – – (1974). “Noterella cartesiana.” Volontà 27.1: 43-45.

– – – (1973). “La Metafisica di Josè Ortega y Gasset.” Volontà 26.6: 425-436.

– – – (1973). “Metafisica, scienza, sociologia.” Volontà 26.5: 352-355.

– – – (1973). “Filosofia e socialità.” Volontà 26.4: 279-282.

– – – (1973). “Principi di riforma sociale.” Volontà 26.3: 197-201.

– – – (1973). “Robin G. Collingwood e le leggi della politica.” Volontà 26.2: 113-117.

– – – (1973). “Scienza, natura, società.” Volontà 26.2: 144-147.

– – – (1973). “Sapere e libertà.” Volontà 26.1: 50-52.

– – – (1972). “Filosofia e socialismo.” Volontà 25.4: 307-312.

– – – (1972). “La dialettica sociale.” Volontà 25.3: 177-178.

– – – (1969). “La filosofia di Benedetto Croce.” Volontà 22.2: 148-152.

– – – (1968). “Ideologia: coerenza o sistema?” Volontà 21.4: 250-251.

– – – (1967). “La vita come opera d’arte.” Volontà 20.10: 594-598.

– – – (1967). “Il soggetto della storia.” Volontà 20.8-9: 503-504.

– – – and Giuseppe Galzerano (1973). “The Political Theory of Anarchism.” Volontà 26.6: 473-474.

Victor Serge [Le Retif, Victor Kibalcic] (2018). Essai critique sur Nietzsche. Ed. Annick Stevens. Épinal: nada éditions.

• <– First published in Tierra y Libertad, 1917 (see below).

– – – (1917). “Esbozo critico sobre Nietzsche (I): Nota biográfica; Un filósofo de la violencia y de la autoridad.” Tierra y Libertad 369: 3.

• <– Reprinted from no. 358 because of censorship.

– – – . (1917). “Juicio critico sobre Nietzsche (V): Dionisio – Conclusión.” Tierra y Libertad 363: 3-4.

– – – . (1917). “Juicio critico sobre Nietzsche (IV): El Rebelde: La Influencia.” Tierra y Libertad 362: 3-4.

– – – . (1917). “Juicio critico sobre Nietzsche (III): Nietzsche, buen alemân imperialista.” Tierra y Libertad 361: ??.

– – – . (1917). “Esbozo critico sobre Nietzsche (II): Las dos morales.” Tierra y Libertad 359: ??.

Leval, Gaston [Pedro Piller] (1967). L’Humanisme libertaire. Paris: Éd. du groupe Humanisme libertaire.

– – – (1961). Eléments d’éthique moderne. Paris: Groupe socialiste libertaire, La Ruche ouvrière.

Lunazzi, José M. (1932). “La ‘utilidad’ de la filosofía.” Nervio 19: 20-23.

– – (1932). “La Moral Helena Pre Aristotélica: Preludio a una reivindicación de los Sofistas.” Nervio 14: 4-10.

Malatesta, Errico (1924). “‘Idealismo’ e ‘materialismo.’” Pensiero e Volontà 1.2: 1-2.

• <– Translated by Paul Sharkey as “‘Idealism’ and ‘Materialism'” in The Method of Freedom: An Errico Malatesta Reader, ed. Davide Turcato (Oakland, CA: AK Press, 2014), 336-338.

Martel, James R. (2012). Subverting the Leviathan: Reading Thomas Hobbes as a Radical Democrat. New York: Columbia University Press.

– – – (2011). “The Ambivalent Anarchism of Hannah Arendt.” How Not to Be Governed: Readings and Interpretations from a Critical Anarchist Left. Ed. Jimmy Casas Klausen and James R. Martel. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. 143-155.

– – – (2010). “Can There Be Politics Without Sovereignty? Arendt, Derrida and the Question of Sovereign Inevitability.” Law, Culture and the Humanities 6.2: 153-166.

– – – (2001). Love is a Sweet Chain: Desire, Autonomy, and Friendship in Liberal Political Theory. Psychology Press.

– – – (2000). “The Radical Promise of Thomas Hobbes: The Road Not Taken in Liberal Theory.” Theory & Event 4.2: n.p.

May, Todd (1994). The Political Philosophy of Poststructuralist Anarchism. Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania State University Press.

McGeough, Jared (2013). “Three Scandals in the Philosophy of F. W. J. Schelling: Ontology, Freedom, Mythology.” Anarchist Developments in Cultural Studies 2: n.p.

– – – (2013). “‘So Variable and Inconstant a System’: Rereading the Anarchism of William Godwin’s Political Justice.” Studies in Romanticism 52.2: 275-309.

– – – (2011). Romantic Anarché: The Philosophical and Literary Anarchism of William Godwin. Diss., University of Western Ontario.

McLaughlin, Paul (2007). Anarchism and Authority: A Philosophical Introduction to Classical Anarchism. Aldershot, Ashgate.

– – – (2002). Mikhail Bakunin: The Philosophical Basis of His Theory of Anarchism. New York, Algora Pub.

Morgan, Kevin (2009). “Herald of the Future?: Emma Goldman, Friedrich Nietzsche and the Anarchist as Superman.” Anarchist Studies 17.2: 55-81.

Morland, David (1997). Demanding the Impossible?: Human Nature and Politics in Nineteenth-Century Social Anarchism, London, Cassell.

Newman, Saul (2001). From Bakunin to Lacan: Anti-Authoritarianism and the Dislocation of Power. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

Noja Ruiz, Higinio (1932). “Atisbos filosóficos.” Nervio 10: 25-28.

Pelletier, Doctoresse [Madeleine] (1934). “Philosophie.” Encyclopédie anarchiste. Ed. Sébastien Faure. Paris: La Librairie Internationale. 4.2038-2039.

Pereira, Irène (2018). Philosophie critique en éducation. Limoges: Didac-philo.

– – – (2016). Le Pragmatisme critique: Action collective et rapports sociaux. Paris: L’Harmattan.

– – – (2016). “Proudhon, penseur de la lutte pour la reconnaissance.” Les cahiers psychologie politique 28: n.p.

• <– “Proudhon, thinker of the struggle for recognition.” This places Proudhon in the context of a major issue in political philosophy and theory. A major finding: “Proudhon’s analysis of recognition differs here from that of Hegel as expressed in the master-slave dialectic. There may be recognition of another’s superiority in a given domain without this affecting my equal dignity in relation to this other. Such recognition does not humiliate me.”

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Nicholson, Graeme (2003). “Heidegger and the Dialectic of Modernity.” Philosophy and Freedom: The Legacy of James Doull. Ed. David G. Peddle and Neil G. Robertson. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. 378-391.

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Pratelle, Aristedes (1913). “Atomistic Dynamism.” The Monist 23.1: 102-111.

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Proudhon, Pierre-Joseph (1988). De la Justice dans la Révolution et dans l’Église: Études de philosophie pratique (1860). Paris, Fayard.

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Rainer, Dachine (1948). “The Emperor’s Newest Clothes: Existentialism.” Retort 4.2: 24-38

Read, Herbert (1949). Existentialism, Marxism and Anarchism. London: Freedom Press.

Remley, William L. (2018). Jean-Paul Sartre’s Anarchist Philosophy. London: Bloomsbury Academic.

Riviale, Philippe (2003). Proudhon: La Justice, contre le souverain. Tentative d’examen d’une théorie de la justice fondée sur l’équilibre économique. Paris: L’Harmattan.

Robinson, Andrew (2004). John Rawls and Oppressive Discourse. Diss., University of Nottingham.

• <– Includes a fascinating and useful “typology” of oppressive discourses.

Rocker, Rudolf (1937). Nationalism and Culture. Trans. Ray E. Chase. Los Angeles: Rocker Publications Committee.

• <– Especially, but not exclusively, chs. I (“The Insufficiency of Economic Materialism”) and XI (“German Philosophy and the State”).

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Rose, Giuseppe (1963). “Il sistema hegeliano e ‘l’anarchia.'” Volontà 16.4: 209-218.

Ryner, Han (1927). Les Synthèses suprêmes. Paris: Le Monde Nouveau.

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• <– In Spanish: “Los Primeros Estóicos,” Cénit 70 (1956): 1957-1963.

Sánchez Gómez, Elena (2006). “Kant y Bakunin.” Germinal: revista de estudios libertarios 1: 59-74.

Schrijvers, Joeri. “Anarchistic Tendencies in Continental Philosophy: Reiner Schürmann and the Hubris of Philosophy.” Research in Phenomenology 37.3 (2007): 417-439.

Simon, Yves R. (1979). “The Problem of Transcendence and Proudhon’s Challenge.” Thought: Fordham University Quarterly 54.2: 176-185.

Skall, Julius (1908). “Philosophische Grundprinzipien des Anarchismus.” Die Freie Generation : Dokumente zur Weltanschauung des Anarchismus 2.11: 279-282.

Skall, Julius (1908). “Philosophie und Kultur.” Die Freie Generation : Dokumente zur Weltanschauung des Anarchismus 2.6-8: 190-192.

Soubeyran, Elie (1934). “Philosophie.” Encyclopédie anarchiste. Ed. Sébastien Faure. Paris: La Librairie Internationale. 4.2039.

Souchy, Agustin (1950). “El Existencialismo, ¿una filosofía de la decadencia?” Estudios: mensuario de cultura 5: 10-11, 38.

Stevens, Annick (2018). Nietszche: la passion des sommets. Marseille: l’Atinoir.

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– – – (2011). “L’articulation du logique et de l’ontologique dans les Catégories d’Aristote.” La théorie des catégories: entre logique et ontologie, éd. A. Dewalque, B. Leclercq et D. Seron, Liège, Bibliothèque de la Faculté de Philosophie et     Lettres, p. 15-23.

– – – (2009). “L’apparition de la conscience dans le De Anima et d’autres œuvres d’Aristote.” Ancient perspectives on Aristotle’s De Anima. Ed. G. Van Riel and P. Destrée. Leuven University Press. 35-48.

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– – – (2008). “La dunamis en Métaphysique Delta 12.” Dunamis: Autour de la puissance chez Aristote. Ed. M. Crubellier, A. Jaulin, D. Lefebvre, and P.-M. Morel. Louvain: Peeters. 291-301.

– – – (2007). “Le rapport de l’âme au monde selon Aristote.” Questions sur l’intentionnalité. Ed. L. Couloubaritsis and A. Mazzu. Bruxelles: Ousia. 13-30.

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– – – (2006). “Du ‘type’ à l’ ‘archétype’ : enquête sur la formation d’un concept.” Les platonismes des premiers siècles de notre ère. Plutarque, E de Delphes. Traduction et commentaires. Ed. Boulogne, Broze, Couloubaritsis. Bruxelles: Ousia. 263-272.

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– – – (2006). “La plurivocité de l’étant et de l’un est-elle bien celle     qu’on croit ?.” La “métaphysique” d’Aristote. Perspectives contemporaines. Textes réunis et publiés par M. Narcy et A. Tordesillas, Paris-Bruxelles: Vrin-Ousia, p. 49-58.

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Stirner, Max (1995). The Ego and Its Own. Trans. Stephen T. Byington. Ed. David Leopold. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.

Tormey, Simon (2001). Agnes Heller: Socialism, Autonomy and the Postmodern. Manchester, Manchester University Press.

Urales, Federico [Joan Montseny].(1977). La Evolución de la filosofía en España [tomo II, Pt. II]. 2. ed. Ed. Rafael Pérez de la Dehesa. Barcelona: Laia.

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• <– Originally serialized in La Revista Blanca, 1900-1903.

Vaccaro, Salvo (2014). “Critique of Static Ontology and Becoming-Anarchy.” Trans. Jesse Cohn. Anarchist Developments in Cultural Studies 2013.2: 121-127.

Vallota, Alfredo D. (2017). “Anarquismo, metafísica y libertad.” Germinal: revista de estudios libertarios 13: 3-20.

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– – – (2004). “Dos posibles fuentes del Genio Maligno.” Lógoi: revista de filosofía 7: 229-250.

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Vernon, Richard (2007). “Obligation by Association?: A Reply to John Horton.” Political Studies 55:4, 865-879.

Villella, Pasqualino (1965). “La morale kantiana e l’anarchia.” Volontà 18.12: 716-718.

Wieck, David Thoreau (1978). “Anarchist Justice.” Nomos 19: 215-236.

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Wolff, R. P. (1998). In Defence of Anarchism. Berkeley, Calif., University of California Press.

Weiss, T. G. (1975). “The Tradition of Philosophical Anarchism and Future Directions in World Policy.” Journal of Peace Research 12: 1-17.

Collections

(2017). Brill’s Companion to Anarchism and Philosophy, ed. Nathan Jun.

• Nathan Jun – Anarchism and Philosophy: A Critical Introduction 1–38

Allan Antliff – Anarchism and Aesthetics 39–50

Bruce Buchan – Anarchism and Liberalism 51–80

Kevin Carson – Anarchism and Markets 81–119

Alexandre Christoyannopoulos and Lara Apps – Anarchism and Religion 120–151

Andrew Fiala – Anarchism and Pacifism 152–170

Benjamin Franks – Anarchism and Moral Philosophy 171–195

Uri Gordon – Anarchism and Nationalism 196–215

Sandra Jeppesen and Holly Nazar – Anarchism and Sexuality 216–252

Ruth Kinna – Anarchism and Feminism 253–284

Roderick T. Long – Anarchism and Libertarianism 285–317

Todd May – Anarchism, Poststructuralism, and Contemporary European Philosophy 318–340

Paul McLaughlin – Anarchism and Analytic Philosophy 341–368

Brian Morris – Anarchism and Environmental Philosophy 369–400

Saul Newman – Anarchism and Psychoanalysis 401–433

Pablo Abufom Silva and Alex Prichard – Anarchism and Nineteenth-Century European Philosophy 434–453

Crispin Sartwell – Anarchism and Nineteenth-Century American Political Thought 454–483

Joeri Schrijvers – Anarchism and Phenomenology 484–504

Lucien van der Walt – Anarchism and Marxism 505–558

Shane Wahl – Anarchism and Existentialism 559–581

(2012). Philosophie de l’anarchie : théories libertaires, pratiques quotidiennes et ontologie. Ed. Jean-Christophe Angaut, Daniel Colson, and Mimmo Pucciarelli.

• Jean-Christophe Angaut, Daniel Colson, Mimmo Pucciarelli – “Présentation” 5

Bertrand Guest – “Le cosmos libertaire de Thoreau et Reclus – un ordre sans pouvoir” 11

Renaud Garcia – “Kropotkine, un pionnier de la sociobiologie?” 33

Loïc Rignol – “La biologie révolutionnaire d’Ernest Cœurderoy” 49

David Bisson – “Anarchie et Spiritualité. Le chemin libertaire de Peter Lamborn Wilson (Hakim Bey)” 79

Edward Castleton – “Aux origines de l’ontologie sociale proudhonienne l’apport des manuscrits inédits” 103

Édouard Jourdain – “Moment machiavélien moment proudhonien” 131

Vivien Garcia – “Trouble dans l’ordre du discours” 155

Daniel Colson – “Anarchisme politique et anarchisme révolutionnaire” 169

Jean-Christophe Angaut – “Le statut de la philosophie chez le dernier Bakounine” 191

Salvo Vaccaro – “Critique de l’ontologie étatique et devenir-anarchie” 209

Nikos Maroupas – “L’action anarchiste, une notion pragmatiste” 227

Aurélien Berlan – “Le savant et l’anarchie” 239

Annick Stevens – “Philosophie et anarchisme distinction et utilité réciproque” 267

Hélène Finet – “Théories et pratiques de l’anarchisme argentin au début du xxe siècle : la F.O.R.A. en question” 277

Anne Steiner – “Pratiques autodidactes dans le milieu anarchiste individualiste des premières années du xxesiècle” 295

GRA (Groupe recherche action – Lyon) – “Pratiques de recherche et débordements” 309

Paul McLaughlin – “Considérations méthodologiques sur la théorie anarchiste” 327

Thomas Ibañez – “L’anarchisme est un type d’être constitutivement changeant. Arguments pour un néo-anarchisme” 357

Carlo Milani – “Philosophie de l’anarchie topologies du devenir libertaire” 373

John P. Clark – “Les sphères de détermination et de transformation sociale” 391

Julie Abbou – “Anarchisme et féminisme au prisme du langage” 401

Aurélia Leon – “Pratiques somatiques et résistance à la normalisation” 425

Gwendolyn Windpassinger – “Quand l’enfant gâté de la bourgeoisie rencontre le soldat de plomb plateformiste. L’anarchisme féministe queer à Buenos Aires aujourd’hui” 445

(2010). Anarchism and Moral Philosophy. Ed. Benjamin Franks and Matthew Wilson.

• Franks, Benjamin. “Introduction: Anarchism and Moral Philosophy.” 1-10
  McLaughlin, Paul. “In Defence of Philosophical Anarchism.” 13-32
  Clark, Samuel. “Kicking Against the Pricks: Anarchist Perfectionism and the Conditions of Independence.” 33-44
  Jun, Nathan. “Anarchist Philosophy: Past, Problems and Prospects.” 45-66
  DeClark, Kory. “Autonomy, Taxation and Ownership: An Anarchist Critique of Kant’s Theory of Property.” 69-85
  Prichard, Alex. “The Ethical Foundations of Proudhon’s Republican Anarchism.” 86-112
  Wilson, Matthew. “Freedom Pressed: Anarchism, Liberty and Conflict.” 113-132
  Franks, Benjamin. “Anarchism and the Virtues.” 135-160
  Aaltola, Elisa. “Green Anarchy: Deep Ecology and Primitivism.” 161-185
  Heckert, Jamie. “Listening, Caring, Becoming: Anarchism as an Ethics of Direct Relationships.” 186-207
  Irwin, Jones. “A Well-Being Out of Nihilism: On the Affinities Between Nietzsche and Anarchist Thought.” 208-225Swann, Thomas. “Are Postanarchists Right to Call Classical Anarchisms ‘Humanist’?” 226-242

(2004). I Am Not a Man, I Am Dynamite!: Friedrich Nietzsche and the Anarchist Tradition. Ed. John Moore and Spencer Sunshine. New York: Autonomedia.

• Jonathan Purkis, “Anarchy unbound: a tribute to John Moore.”
  Guy Aldred, “Friedrich Nietzsche.”
  Daniel Colson, “Nietzsche and the libertarian workers’ movement.”
  Leigh Starcross, “‘Nietzsche was an anarchist’: reconstructing Emma Goldman’s Nietzsche lectures.”
  Allan Antliff, “Revolutionary seer for a post-industrial age: Ananda Coomaraswamy’s Nietzsche.”
  Andrew M. Koch, “Dionysian politics: the anarchistic implications of Friedrich Nietzsche’s critique of western epistemology.”
  Franco Riccio, “The ‘death of God’: index of possibilities of ‘moving beyond’ without horror.”
  Salvo Vaccaro, “Horror vacui: between anomie and anarchy.”
  Max Cafard, “Nietzschean anarchy and the post-mortem condition.”Saul Newman, “Anarchism and the politics of ressentiment.”
  John Moore, “Attentat art: anarchism and Nietzsche’s aesthetics.”
  Peter Lamborn Wilson, “Crazy Nietzsche.”

(1978). Anarchism: Nomos XIX. Ed. J. Roland Pennock and John W. Chapman. New York: New York University Press.

• Gerald F. Gaus and John W. Chapman, “Anarchism and Political Philosophy: An Introduction”PERSPECTIVES ON ANARCHYJohn P. Clark, “What Is Anarchism?”James M. Buchanan, “A Contractarian Perspective on Anarchy”Eric Mack, “Nozick’s Anarchism”Richard A. Falk, “Anarchism and World Order”AUTHORITY AND ANARCHISMRichard T. De George, “Anarchism and Authority”Richard Wasserstrom, “Comments on ‘Anarchism and Authority'”Rex Martin, “Anarchism and Skepticism”Alan Ritter, “The Anarchist Justification of Authority”ANARCHISM AND THE RULE OF LAWLester J. Mazor, “Disrespect for Law”Lisa Newton, “The Profoundest Respect for Law: Mazor’s Anarchy and the Political Association”Alan Wertheimer, “Disrespect for Law and the Case for Anarchy”

  ANARCHIST THEORIES OF JUSTICE

  Murray N. Rothbard, “Society without a State”

  Christopher D. Stone, “Some Reflections on Arbitrating Our Way to Anarchy”

  David Wieck, “Anarchist Justice”

  THE MORAL PSYCHOLOGY OF ANARCHISM

  Donald McIntosh, “The Dimensions of Anarchy”

  Grenville Wall, “Philosophical Anarchism Revisited”

  Patrick Riley, “On the ‘Kantian’ Foundations of Robert Paul Wolff’s Anarchism”

  April Carter, “Anarchism and Violence”